Smart Borehole Safety System
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15662/IJEETR.2026.0802048Keywords:
Borehole Safety PIR Sensors, ESP32 Microcontroller, Alerts, Servo Motor, Motion DetectionAbstract
Unprotected boreholes are a serious safety hazard and can cause accidents to people and animals, especially in rural areas and construction sites, and traditional safety methods like manual covers and occasional monitoring are unreliable and cannot respond quickly during emergencies; to address this, a Smart Borehole Safety System is proposed that provides continuous monitoring, automatic protection, and intelligent response, consisting of two layers—an outer sensing layer and an inner protection layer—where the outer layer uses four PIR sensors placed around the borehole to detect motion from all directions, with detected activity processed by an ESP32 microcontroller and instant alerts sent through an IoT platform, while the inner layer controls a servo motor-driven safety cover that automatically opens or closes based on detected motion, eliminating the need for manual operation, and also includes a manual override with push buttons for emergencies and maintenance, along with additional features such as motion-triggered camera capture, a night-time safety mode, and a risk assessment system that classifies activity as low, medium, or high risk, making the system cost-effective, scalable, and practical for real-time use as an effective solution to prevent borehole-related accidents.
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