Applications of Lasers in Material Processing and Medicine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15662/IJEETR.2022.0402002Keywords:
Lasers, Material Processing, Medical Applications, Laser Surgery, Laser Cutting, Surface Modification, Photocoagulation, Additive Manufacturing, Minimally Invasive Treatment, Laser TechnologyAbstract
Lasers have become indispensable tools across diverse fields, particularly in material processing and medical applications. Their ability to deliver high-intensity, coherent light with precision control makes them uniquely suited for tasks requiring minimal thermal damage and exceptional accuracy. In material processing, lasers are employed for cutting, welding, surface modification, and additive manufacturing, enabling the production of components with intricate geometries and superior surface qualities. The non-contact nature of laser processing allows for processing delicate materials and reduces contamination risks, making it highly valuable in manufacturing sectors like aerospace, automotive, and electronics.
In medicine, laser technology revolutionizes diagnostics and therapeutic procedures by enabling minimally invasive treatments with enhanced precision and reduced recovery times. Applications range from laser surgery, photocoagulation, and skin resurfacing to targeted cancer treatments and ophthalmology. The versatility of lasers, owing to adjustable parameters like wavelength, pulse duration, and intensity, allows selective interaction with different tissue types, improving safety and efficacy.
This paper presents a comprehensive overview of laser applications in both domains, exploring underlying principles, technological advancements, and practical implementations. It synthesizes findings from recent research to highlight the benefits and limitations of various laser types, including continuous wave and pulsed lasers, and their impact on material and biological substrates. Challenges such as thermal management, system complexity, and cost are also discussed.
By reviewing cutting-edge developments, the study aims to identify trends and future directions for laser technology. Emphasis is placed on integrating lasers with automation, robotics, and intelligent control systems to enhance performance and accessibility. The paper concludes with insights into emerging laser-based techniques promising to further transform industrial manufacturing and medical care.
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